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"津云"客户端 |
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(1)一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,而过去完成时表示在过去某一动作发生在另一动作之前。试比较:
The class had already begun when I came to school.我来到学校时,已经开始上课。
He had gone home before I got to his office.我到他办公室以前,他已回家了。
(2)有after或before引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,由于从句动作和主句动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确,所以可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时:
He called on me soon after he had returned.他回来不久便拜访我。也可以说:He called on me soon after he returned.
The train had left before I got to the station.我到车站时,火车已经开走了。也可以说:The train left before I got to the station。
(3)描述一连串的过去动作,无需用过去完成时,例如:
He stood up, took his bag, put on his hat, left the room and went away.他站起来,拿起书包,戴上帽子,离开房间走了。
She looked around but saw nothing.她环顾四周,但是什么也没有看见。
He came in and said hello to everyone.他进来向每一个人问好。由于汉语与英语表达时态的方式不同,中国人在学习和应用英语时经常犯时态错误,尤其是在写信、写电子邮件、写记叙文时。常见的时态错误类型有:时态不对应;通篇须用几种时态时用一种时态;时态混用或串用(如在描写过去的经历时,有时用现在时);不用进行时。我们如果在日常口头交际中犯点时态错误,这在所难免,也可以理解。但是,在正式场合,如正式写作中,就不能允许出现时态错误,因为这是英语语法的基础。我们学习时态的目的,主要在于应用。因此,在使用英语,尤其是在写作时,一定要有时态意识,长此以往就能养成正确使用时态的习惯。