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南开中学段胜利
这是安立奎(Enrique Iglesias)演唱的《英雄》(《Hero》)中的歌词。歌词中反复使用的句式结构“Would ...do(动词原形)…, if …did(动词的过去式)…”,是不是与前面我们看到的题目如出一辙。如果我们来一个“照猫画虎”,是不是就应该选择用过去时的形式呢?
很多同学都喜欢听英文歌曲,在优美的音乐中,放松身心。其实,从英语学习的角度来说,好的歌词还能发挥“助学”的效力,它会帮助你掌握枯燥、复杂的语法结构和识记异彩纷呈的词和词组。
我们不妨先来一个测试。你能准确选择下面一道题目的答案吗?
--Would you mind if I _______ here?
--Of course not.
A. smoke B. smoked C. would smoke D. have smoked
怎么样?能不假思索地选出B选项来吗?
我们姑且不说为什么,你先来看一首好听歌曲的歌词吧。
Hero
By: Enrique Iglesias
(Let me be your hero)
Would you dance
If I asked you to dance?
Would you run
And never look back?
Would you cry
If you saw me crying?
And would you save my soul, tonight?
Would you tremble
If I touched your lips?
Would you laugh?
Oh please tell me this.
Now would you die
For the one you loved?
Hold me in your arms, tonight.
I can be your hero, baby.
I can kiss away the pain.
I will stand by you forever.
You can take my breath away.
Would you swear
That you'll always be mine?
Or would you lie?
would you run and hide?
Am I in too deep?
Have I lost my mind?
I don't care...
You're here tonight.
I can be your hero, baby.
I can kiss away the pain.
I will stand by you forever.
You can take my breath away.
Oh, I just want to hold you.
I just want to hold you. Oh. yeah...
Am I in too deep?
Have I lost my mind?
I don't care...
You're here tonight.
I can be your hero, baby.
I can kiss away the pain.
I will stand by your forever.
You can take my breath away.
I can be your hero.
I can kiss away the pain.
And I will stand by you forever.
You can take my breath away.
You can take my breath away.
I can be your hero.
其实,上面一个题目涉及到虚拟语气,这是同学们学习英语语法的一个难点。虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式,表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实(这个事实可以与现在、过去和将来相反),而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。虚拟语气的常用结构是:
(1)表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果,从句动词的时态使用过去时,主句动词的时态为would/could/should/might +V.(动词原形),就构成了与现在相反的虚拟。如: If Newton lived today, he would be surprised by what has been discovered in science and technology.
(2)表示与过去事实相反的假设和结果,从句动词的时态使用过去完成时,主句动词的时态采用would/could/should/might+have+p.p.(动词的过去分词)的形式,就构成了与过去相反的虚拟。如: If I had been here yesterday,I would surely have helped you out.
(3)表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果,从句动词的时态可以使用过去时,should+V.或者were to do的形式,主句使用would/could/should/might +V.(动词原形)。如: If I were to have a whole year off, I would travel around the world.
由于我们在日常交际英语中对不同的语法结构使用频率不一样,因此有些语法规则便没有办法通过日常运用而烂熟于心。等到练习和考试时,真的遇到这样的问题,就不免会有些茫然。如果同学们伴着英文歌曲优美的旋律,把歌词同时印刻在脑子里,相信在遇到与歌词类似的题目时,做起来就会易如反掌。
当然,一定有同学会问,我怎么能看出歌词里的语法结构和有用的词呢?这就要求同学们做学习的有心人。很多同学往往认为,要练习语法,就得做大量的语法题,其实这是一个误区。我们在平时接触的英文中,是没有什么“单选”的,而几乎都是完整、流畅的文字。其中的语法需要我们借由获得的知识在学习中认识和发现,换句话说,你要在听读中印证学习的语法。特别对于学习中的重点和难点,更是要有学习的热情和发现的“敏感”,这样才能自然而然地采撷一切对你学习有用的东西。通过英文歌词记忆语法结构和词语,既轻松又事半功倍,你不妨选一首你喜欢的做一个尝试。